Avaliação da atividade antibacteriana, antifúngica e antimalárico de extratos, frações e composto obtidos de plantas da Região Amazônica

Abstract

The great increase of resistance of bacteria, fungi and parasites to conventional antimicrobial available has become a problem of global health generating a negative impact on the treatment of these infections and with this generates an urgent necessity for new therapeutic approaches. Within this context, the studies with plants represent priority in Amazonia, for the variety and richness of its flora.This way the purpose of this work was to evaluate different extracts and tranches in different solvents, from twenty-five species of amazonian plants against thirty seven bacterial strains, a strain of Candida albicans and one strain of Plasmodium falciparum (FCR3). Of the twenty-five species of plants, fifteen presented activities, being that eleven showed activity against Candida albicans and four against Plasmodium falciparum. In bacterial screening was obtained results more promising for the extracts of Caryocar villosum against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus liquiniformes, Bacillus subtilis. Streptococcus pyogenis and Gram-negative Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella arizonae, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella typhi and Shigella flexneri. Other samples that demonstrate excellent activities were the extracts and fractions and isolated composed of Aniba panurensis front the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus simulans and Streptococcus agalactiae. And the fractions in DCM branches of A. rail and Octoea leucoxylon front Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus simulans and fraçao ethyl acetate branches of Aniba parviflora front Streptococcus simulans. In the screening of antifungal activity, the best results were for the ethanolic extract of Inga edulis seeds and husks and the hydroalcoholic extract of seeds of Garcinia madruno and ethanolic extract of the stems of Ocotea leucoxylon. In the screening against Plasmodium falciparum the best results were demonstrated in extracts of Theobroma grandiflorum, Euterpe precatoria, Garcinia madruno and Platonia insignis. And the data reported here are of the utmost importance, taking into account the importance of medical micro-organisms, because they provide evidence that the extracts, fractions and isolated may be considered future antimicrobial agents or help in lockable bactericide of Bacillus liquiniformes, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureaus, MRSA, Streptococcus simulans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenic, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella arizonae, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella thypi e Shigella flexneri e contra Candida albicans e Plasmodium falciparum.