Ontogenia das enzimas digestivas do tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (cuvier, 1818): subsídios para aquicultura

Abstract

One of the principal fetter in the development of technologies for the systematized cultivation of native fish in the Amazonian is the knowledge lack on the demands nutricionais of those species. The commercial rations for fish that dominate the world market are resulted of researches on habit of exotic species, this way, the establishment of the needs nutricionais of native fish and of the aspects that subsidize the formulation of adapted diets your physiology, they constitute important steps that make possible a productivity increase and consequent development of the aqüicultura in the area. This work had as objective accomplishes a biochemical study and of expression gênica of the main digestive enzymes of the tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, in different phases of the initial development. For so much the activities of the enzymes pancreáticas tripsina were quantified, quimiotripsina, carboxipeptidase A and B, amilase and lipase; of the enzymes intestinal maltose, alkaline fosfatase and leucina aminopeptidase; and of the enzyme gastric pepsina. The results demonstrated that the behavior of the main digestive enzymes indicates that the tambaqui possesses a development of the balanced and precocious digestive function, where the enzymes pancreáticas tripsina, quimiotripsina, carboxipeptidase A and B and amilase presented a gradual increase in your activities during the development of this species. The intestinal digestion is active in apprenticeship that you/they precede the appearance of the larva becoming more important starting from the opening of the mouth and beginning of the feeding exógena. Already the activity of the pepsina in juvenile of tambaqui was smaller when compared to the first apprenticeships, what suggests the modulation of this enzyme for the food type. The differences of expression gênica of the tripsinogênio and pepsinogênio among the apprenticeships of development of the tambaqui was quantified by the qRT-PCR analysis and they demonstrated the ability of this species to express the genes of the main enzymes proteolíticas during the first phases of the embryonic and larval development, indicating the operation degree of the treatment gastrointestinal free from inherent interferences to the biochemical rehearsals. However it is necessary that new studies they are delineated, so much in the level molecular as biochemical to understand the processes regulatórios that you/they determine this ability.