Avaliação do beneficiamento de resíduos do pirarucu para a produção de biocompósitos a base de hidroxiapatita e fibra de colágeno

Abstract

Over the years science has sought to provide materials that enable the development of devices to replace or coexist with the tissues of the human body. Among these, the biocomposites allow the improvement of the chemical and mechanical properties required in the application, which should be able to provide the intergrowth with the biological material besides resisting the loads supplied in the place. The beneficiation of hydroxyapatite and collagen obtained from residues of the natural source Pirarucu represent low cost, in addition to the combination provide the two main phases of human bone. The objective of this study was to evaluate the recovery of pirarucu residues by the production of dense bodies of hydroxyapatite (HAp), derived from pirarucu and collagen fiber (FCn), from pirarucu skin, in the proportion of 15, 30 and 45 wt% FCn in HAp. The obtained materials, HAp and FCn, were characterized thermally, structurally, chemically and morphologically, by DSC / TGA, DRX, FRX, FT-IR and MEV / FEG respectively. A biodegradability test and the mechanical test were used to determine the hardness of Vickers. As a result of the thermal analysis performed on the skin and the skin of the pirarucu, it was observed that the loss of mass tends to stabilize at 550 and 700 ° C respectively, with loss percentages of 52 and 90%. After the treatment of the scale, the HAp obtained was obtained, which presented a 1.5 Ca / P molar ratio and similar hexagonal crystalline structure with that reported by other authors, with a yield of 47% in mass. For the treatment of the skin, it was possible to obtain collagen fiber and collagen, with a total protein content of 98.10 and 87.98% and a yield of 24 and 5%, respectively. crosslinked morphology, thus considering collagen fiber an option for use in the formation of biomaterials because it presents a better yield. With the formation of a matrix composed of collagen fiber and hydroxyapatite, it was possible to confirm the potential of the materials obtained for the production of biomaterials, when evaluated the biodegradability that tends to stabilize the mass loss on the twelfth day, besides the observed correlation between Vickers microhardness and collagen fiber concentration, which presented values of 0.42, 0.38, and 0.34, respectively at the concentrations of 15%, 30% and 45%.