Prevalência de candida SPP. na cavidade oral de pacientes com e sem prótese dentária atendidos nas unidades básicas de saúde da cidade de Manaus-AM

Abstract

Oral candidosis is an infection disease caused mainly by Candida albicans, normal commensal yeast in oral cavity of healthy individuals. The aim of this study was determine the prevalence of different species of Candida in patients of Basic Unit of Healthy (UBS)/SEMSA in Manaus city/Amazon state/Brazil, that wearing denture or present natural teeth. This transversal study was performed by analysis of oral mucosa samples. The samples were collected of 594 patients in ten UBS s and were cultured in Petri dishes containing Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with chloramphenicol and direct analysis (Gram method). The yeasts were submitted to biochemical identification with Candifast® (International Microbio) and morphological study on Corn Meal Tween 80 Agar. C. dubliniensis identification was carried out by primer-specific amplification. The analysis of the results was made by measurements of frequencies, average, median, standard deviation and confidence limits and also was used Student s t method, ANOVA tests, Pearson chi-square and Fischer Exact test. The data were analyzed by Epi-Info software, version 3.5. In the total 594 patients taken, 436 were women and 158 were men of ten UBS-SEMSA, with the average age of 32.5 ±11.6 years old. Candida species occurred in 50% of patients. C. albicans was the most prevalent species followed by C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. kefyr e C. glabrata. Factors like gender, age, medical treatment and use of medication were directly associated with the presence of Candida in oral cavity. In the patients taken, 188 wearing denture, with 75% of prevalence of Candida and present a significant statistical difference (p<0.05). It was confirmed, by PCR, the identity of 113 samples for C. albicans and 28 samples were identified as C. dubliniensis. We concluded that the prevalence of species of Candida in patients wearing denture, as well as individuals with natural teeth, was the same that observed in other regions of Brazil and other countries. The data suggested the specifics oligonucleotides CdF/CdR and CaF/CdR, used in this work, were effective to confirm C. albicans species and efficient to identification of C. dubliniensis species from theses isolates.