Efeito de borda e maximização de recursos em projetos artísticos junto a adolescentes: a perspectiva dos profissionais

Abstract

This research addresses professionals who play central roles in implementing the Young Citizen Project (PJC) and Christmas Concert (CN) developed with adolescents in the city of Manaus, in order to know the potential that artistic resources have in transforming the contexts of vulnerability. The historical and cultural conditions that teenagers have to be constituted as subjects are simultaneously associated with various diseases, with which young people need to deal with. Artistic projects have been used along with these various purposes, still little known the results related to the reduction of vulnerability. Aiming to deepen understanding of art as intervention, Social Intervention and Community Development Laboratory (LABINS) started in 2012, studies on the impact that the PJC and CN projects in the lives of adolescents. As part of these studies, it was proposed as objective of this research, investigate with the professionals responsible for implementing these projects, the potential for maximizing protection promoters resources and vulnerability reduction, from the concept of Edge Effect (EB). This concept, based on ecology and used by the Community Psychology Review, is organizing and comprehensive tool actions involving participation of different subjects and institutions, whose encounter results in an 'edge' where new features emerge, optimizing project outcomes. The research is characterized as exploratory, qualitative and used the database of previous research with teenagers and four semistructured interviews with professionals, analyzed according adaptation of the Grounded Theory method. From the results, it was concluded that: the projects were considered transforming the subjectivity of adolescents and professionals; resources have been identified in projects that could maximize such as artistic resources (learning techniques, new forms of communication, artistic knowledge); socializing resources, resulting in other modes of being in the world (self-concept, self-esteem, life project, creation and strengthening of links); organizers resources (organized structure of the projects as protective network); resources for social inclusion. The difficulties posed to maximize the resources were primarily related to the project structure, restricted space for the participation of its various members, level of communication between institutions and agents; the concept of edge effect was particularly useful to the analysis of processes whose characteristic development of actions that include participants from diverse backgrounds, with different resources and experiences, and therefore theoretical construct capable of supporting the analysis of practices changes aimed in the direction of improving the living conditions of young people and other groups in vulnerable contexts.