Monotonicidade Maximal de Operadores e Bifunções para Problemas de Equilíbrio

Abstract

In this dissertation, we define normed, metric and topological space and we study some properties of these. Using the compact set definition, we demonstrate the Ky Fan Lemma that ensures that the intersection of a family of closed sets is not empty. We use this Lemma to obtain a result of existence for an equilibrium problem. Next, we present the main characteristics of reflective, smooth and strictly convex space, and relate them to their respective duals via an operator, called the duality application. Weak and star-weak topologies were defined and used in order to obtain closed ball compactness and other convenient results. Moreover, starting from a monotonous maximal bifunction we obtain for a problem of equilibrium a result of existence, in topological spaces, and results of existence and uniqueness, in reflexive real Banach space. The uniqueness result was used to define resolvent of the maximal monotonic bifunction. Given a maximal monotonic bifunction, we define a maximal monotonic operator which has the same resolvent of the bifunction and reciprocally. In addition, we have seen that solving an equilibrium problem associated with bifunction is equivalent to finding zero of the defined operator from the bifunction and reciprocally. Finally, we study the relationship between the class of these monotonic maximal bifunctions and the class of their respective monotonous maximal operators.]