O trabalho terceirizado de mulheres numa escola municipal de Manaus: estigma e marcas de violência simbólica

Abstract

This study assumes the purpose of analyzing the symbolic violence suffered by women in the context of the outsourced labor market, seeking to understand how this violence manifests itself and how the subjects involved contribute to potentiate this malaise that affects the lives of these women. It is a theme anchored in the gender theme that establishes dialogue with interdisciplinary knowledge such as Social Anthropology, Sociology and Education. Outsourcing as part of productive restructuring is a worldwide phenomenon in capitalist societies, it is concentrated as a policy organized by flexible jobs and has generated many conflicts, as it is a modality considered as a form of exploitation and precariousness of the workforce in contemporary times. it has deepened social inequalities and is not far from the logic of capital, which has always used violence to obtain accumulation. Outsourcing has spread to public institutions and has been expanding in the sectors of cleaning and food handling. In this process, violence is very present and strongly affects women who are in niches where their workforce prevails. The fieldwork assumed the orientation of the qualitative approaches without excluding the quantitative aspects. The collection of empirical data was carried out using the technique of a deep and semi-structured interview. The locus of the research was concentrated at the Presidente João Goulart Municipal School, located in the North Zone of the city of Manaus, in Amazonas. The investigation revealed the existence and recurrence of symbolic violence caused by the loss of labor rights in the field of citizenship, the workers are affected by defaults, wage arrears, inferior remuneration and uncertainties; this type of work affects health, interferes in subjectivity and self-esteem, causes pain and suffering that configure symbolic violence and the feminization of poverty to which they are subjected is an element caused by the structures of economic, political and state power. These women are social subjects who also build their stories of struggles and resistance in the face of attacks by capital. Finally, it must be recognized that symbolic violence has solid roots in unequal gender relations, in the sexual division of labor and its continuity being legitimized by institutional and capitalist violence, perpetrated in new labor relations.