Tempo e espaço na Amazônia Colonial: da Vila de Ega a cidade de Tefé século XVIII e XIX

Abstract

Describe the colonial and imperial periodization of the area that corresponds to the current state of Amazonas and rebuild geohistória Tefé and its spatial distribution of Villa for City was the main objective of this dissertation. Therefore, after reviewing the literature, we sought to understand the production of Portuguese villages in the Amazon basin that arise especially from the Pombalina policy pursued in the mid-eighteenth century. Describes how the power of church and state constituted the main transforming agents of the territory and how was the "occupation" of the northern border. It highlights the role that Ega town had in the configuration of the Portuguese North Colony. He started from the hypothesis that the territorial dimension that articulates the embryonic network of village and places that emerge linearly along the Solimões river was not "by chance". This would be due to the position and geographical location of each village. Ega in particular, had the implantation site chosen for its central and represent the equidistance in relation to Vale do Rio Negro, where was located the village later Barra Manaus, and the west border at Tabatinga. So it was a strategic point in the consolidation of the limits of the Portuguese colony in the North. Due to its position, economic and social relations have intensified between Portuguese and Spanish allowing Ega after Tefé, the title of trading post. It went on to give it broad domain and influence in the territory. Nevertheless, the documentary research and the analysis of the report of the travelers found that the construction of the village space was structured in need of an urban plan regulated. Based on the creation of streets cluttered with houses and buildings crudely similar to other villages created in the same period. In the mid-nineteenth century the events related to the rise of the Amazon the Province in 1850, the creation of the Solimões District in 1853 and headquartered in Ega and the introduction of steam navigation in the Amazon created the improvement of conditions of village structure and were conditions for the elevation to city status in 1855. With this, there are new buildings to house the administrative apparatus of the transplanted capital. Was driven to the way public servants and the spatial reorganization of the core, the implementation of infrastructure and transformation of the morphology of the city resulting from landfill coves and creeks, opening new blocks, construction of the new cemetery, the Mother Church of Santa Tereza D ' Avila, the Chapel of Bom Jesus de Tefé, public school, new streets and squares. These changes are reported by travelers and described in the Report of the Provincial Presidents from 1852 to 1857. It was concluded that the creation of Ega even if not preceded by a plan was not an accident of work, but as part of the consolidation strategy northern border of the Portuguese colony in America.