A impressão da paisagem pelo uso e ocupação da terra no entorno da Vila de Novo Remanso em Itacoatiara/Am

Abstract

This study aimed to understand the impression of the landscape from the different forms of use and occupation of the land in the delimits of water systems intersecting the area occupied by the Novo Remanso village (3 ° 13'17.19 "S - 59 ° 0'50.31" W), Itacoatiara city, Amazonas. In this regard, it was necessary to diagnose geodiversity and Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) Correnteza, Passarinho and Antônio Amândio hydrographic sub-basins (Hsb), and beyond to classify the use and occupation of the land in the period from 2004 to 2018, with the purpose to analyze the types of productive systems and the deforestation rates in the study area. The procedural method used in the research was the Case Study. The approach started from an epistemological reflection based on the Complexity paradigm proposed by Edgar Morin. To interpret the physiognomy of the landscape through the physiography of the Hsb analyzed, It was accomplished the installation of fluvio-hydrossedimentological stations, as well as the analysis of the water quality through the physicochemical parameters: Water temperature (ºC), Hydrogenion potential Hp, Color, Channel width, Depth and surperficial velocity of water for the calculation of Flow, Solid materials suspension with an Imhoff Cone, and Water transparency with a Secchi Disc. The 10 (ten) collect campaigns of water sampling were made weekly between 12/06/2018 and 02/07/2019. Sixty-seven (67) Geographic Inventory Protocols were applied, considering three aspects: The use and occupation of the land, Water systems and Plant cover, to identify water conditions, limnology and water potability. Geoprocessing procedures of satellite images were accomplished to map the use and occupation of the land in the study area, to characterize the changes that occurred in the period delimited for the analysis (2004 - 2018). The orbital images of satellite LANDSAT-8 OLI sensor were acquired at the USGS site, scenes with the minimum of cloud cover possible and spatial resolution of 30m. Join with Embrapa was obtained the Digital Elevation Model - DEM of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission - SRTM project, defined the Latitude / Longitude projection system and SAD 69 Geodetic Reference System, SIRGAS 2000 / UTM zone 21S. For the supervised classification was used Envi® software version 4.5. The definition of the classes was accomplished based on PRODES data, presented by the TerraClass Project and corrected with the in situ monitoring technique. A documentary research was also accomplished in institutes, government agencies and private initiative. Therefore, the results of the analysis corroborate with the preliminary hypothesis of the research, where the categories listed for the analysis of reality (Permanent Preservation Areas - PPA, Productive Systems, Water Systems, Village of Novo Remanso, The use and occupation of the Land, Geodiversity and Space-time) act systematically imprinting the physiognomic arrangement in Novo Remanso village, characterized in the form of spatial elements resulting from the innumerable interactions that configure the disorder materialized by the interrelation of physical and human systems.