A intervenção farmacêutica nos erros de prescrição em unidades de saúde: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Errors in the medication process can occur in any of its steps, ranging from prescription, reviewing the prescription, separating the medication, dispensing, checking by the nursing staff, preparing the medication to administering it. Among them, errors in prescription are the most common, but also the most appropriate through the performance of pharmaceutical interventions that, with the appropriate strategies, have safety efficiency and quality ensured. This study aimed to describe the strategies used in pharmaceutical intervention to minimize prescription errors in health units. The methodology used was the elaboration of an integrative, qualitative and descriptive bibliographic review on the proposed theme, working on the Method of Evidence-Based Practice (EBE), which is the approach of a given clinical problem and the search for scientific evidence to solve it, thus applying it in daily clinical practice. Thus, studies were collected in the various databases, filtered, analyzed and included or excluded according to defined criteria. The results included articles that met the inclusion criteria, addressing errors in prescription and forms of pharmaceutical interventions, where it was noted, during reading and analysis, that the intervention strategies pointed to three axes: the validation of medical prescription, the use of information technology in the health area and health education. The results around these three axes were discussed, showing the relevance of each of them in pharmaceutical intervention strategies, such as the validation of the prescription, necessary to prevent errors from the medical; the use of computerized systems, which aids in the validation of prescriptions by enabling the centralizations of patients’ clinical data and health education that aims at correct guidance on the rational use of medications. Finally, it was concluded that the interconnection between the three axes participating in the pharmaceutical intervention, form a set of strategic actions for the success of this act, with the active participation of the pharmacist in the pharmacotherapy of the patient, education in the rational use of medications and the interchangeability of information exchanged between this professional and the multidisciplinary team that, united, they seek quality and safety in the treatment of the diverse clinical conditions of patients.