Megaprojetos inconcludentes e territórios conquistados: diferentes processos sociais de territorialização da comunidade quilombola de Cachoeira Porteira, Oriximiná, Pará

Abstract

This thesis addresses the strategies of ethnic mobilization adopted by social agents who selfidentify themselves as quilombolas before social and bureaucratical processes that refer to “acts of the state”. The quilombolas of Cachoeira Porteira, city of Oriximiná, Pará State, affirm their so-called oral history in order to explain identity elements claimed by them as related to the past of escapes and occupation of Trombetas River. With the implantation of megaprojects in the region and the intense circulation of people, goods and services were reinforced on the social borders, in this way consolidating the ethnic claim. The problems examined in this work concern, in the first place, the elaboration of strategies that stem from the family memory as the starting point to construct a “collective history”. They concern the relationships between quilombolas and indians, especially the Katxuyanas people, in the view that during the processes of escape, distinct relationships were established, sometimes conflicting, occasionally peaceful, based on simple forms of cooperation. The problems mentioned also pertain to the relationship of the quilombola people with the natural resources which are occasionally mediated by beings classified by the quilombolas as “encantados” (enchanted beings), as well as transformations in the aviamento system. More recently the social relations between quilombola people and the megaprojects installed within the territories, also modalities of quilombola identity affirmation have become present. Finally, the thesis analyzes the relationship of the quilombolas with the state and the respective processes of land regulation, in other words, the procedures for the regulation of the quilombola territory along with ITERPA, as well as the regularization of the indigenous land together with the National Indian Foundation (FUNAI) and its implications.