Roteamento e agregação de dados baseado no RSSI em Redes de Sensores Sem Fio

Abstract

AWireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of a set of sensors arranged in a sensor field in contact or near an event or phenomenon to be monitored. Such networks have amajor impact on applications involving the monitoring of environmental conditions such as temperature, light, motion and presence of certain types of objects. Accordingly in most other applications, the sensor nodes have limited power and bandwidth. Thus, techniques for reducing power consumption and communication are required in many settings. One of the main objectives in the design of a WSN is to provide data communication between the sensor nodes and the node textit sink.The challenge is to extend the network lifetime while maintaining a quality communication and data delivery. One of the key points observed in several studies is that routing protocols for WSNs will differ depending on the application and network architecture. Recently, algorithms that exploit information geographic, called Geographic Routing Algorithms, been considered as one of the most viable solution for routing in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to their high scalability, dynamism, and high data delivery rate. These algorithms refer to nodes by position rather than address and use these coordinates to discover routes to the sink node.The main drawback of these algorithms is the need for position information of the nodes, which can be expensive in several ways. In this paper, we go further and propose two new routing algorithms that does not require position information while also adds data aggregation functionality to the network. Our proposal takes advantage of the grater communication range of the sink node as well as the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of the sensor nodes to configure routing paths and aggregation times back to the sink node. Our results indicate clearly that the proposed algorithm reduces the amount of redundant data and the number of transmissions in the network while maintaining all advantages of these kind of algorithms.