Conselhos gestores de políticas públicas em Parintins/AM: uma defesa da democracia sob a ótica do modelo de política deliberativa e educação popular dialógica

Abstract

This thesis aims to evaluate the democratic potential of the Public Policy Management Councils from the analysis of the deliberative policy model, derived from the discourse theory and the theory of communicative action of the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas, and supported by a model of Popular Education Dialogic of the patron of Brazilian education, Paulo Freire. The construction of this object of study originated with the experience of the author of this thesis as a member of the Municipal Health Council of the city of Parintins / AM, from which there was observed a series of obstacles and limits to the existing democratic practice of the Councils, which here are considered as a democratic political public sphere. A research hypothesis was constructed, namely, that there is a low potential for deliberation of public policies within this democratic political public sphere. However, despite confirmation of the hypothesis and recognition of existing obstacles (called blockade of democratic potential), there is no negative conclusion about the role of the existence of such Councils, but presents arguments in defense of their democratic potential, since considered certain variables that can effectively cause these Councils to fulfill the function for which they were created. This defense is based on a set of ideas that seek to relate the model of deliberative politics and dialogic popular education and that presuppose a dialogue between different areas of knowledge, which is why it can be affirmed categorically that the solution to the existing impasses in the democratic political public sphere of the Councils should be viewed in an interdisciplinary way. Considering the human being ontologically as a being of language (philosophical dimension), where social relations are intersubjective relations mediated linguistically (sociological dimension), it is proposed an analysis of social relations in the concrete case of the democratic political public sphere of the Public Policy Management Councils (political dimension), adopting as a theoretical reference a procedural, discursive and deliberative model of politics that implies a necessary interweaving with the spheres of law and morality (Habermas discourse theory), inserting in its dynamics a process of popular education (pedagogical dimension) that is intrinsically linked to such a model, where the deliberative subjects, in the public use of reason, intervene in the democratic political public sphere to propose public policies of collective interest. This is the challenge we set ourselves.