Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, capacidade funcional e qualidade do sono em pessoas vivendo com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV): estudo transversal

Abstract

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection remains a global public health problem. As a chronic disease after using the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), people living with HIV (PLHIV) on may have complex health conditions, characterized by a high prevalence of disability, activity limitations and restricted participation. Based on this, the question that guided this study was to describe sociodemographic aspects, and aspects of the functionality of PLHIV hospitalized in a hospital in Amazonas, leader of the ranking of Brazilian federative units regarding HIV/AIDS detection rates in the country, and a high rate of mortality. Method: It was an observational, pilot, cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive, and analytical study. PLHIV adults, of both genders, hospitalized, were studied in the wards of a referral hospital for infectious diseases in northern Brazil. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample. The Variance-One-Way (ANOVA) analysis model was used to analyze the influence of response variables (continuous, normal) with nominal categorical independent variables, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the degree of relationship between two quantitative variables. Varied Muti regressions were also used to analyze the influence of variables on outcomes. The significance level considered was 0.05. Results: Health-associated quality of life (HRQoL), functional capacity (FC), and sleep quality were reduced. Most of the 36 PLHIV studied were young men who had recently been diagnosed with HIV, were not using HAART regularly, had low education and low purchasing power, and had a detectable viral load and a low TCD4+ count. The immunological marker TCD4+ count slightly correlated with FC, and HRQoL was slightly associated with sleep quality. Conclusion: The sample studied revealed a complex scenario of health, with young people with loss of aspects of their functionality, with an association between immunological variables and functional capacity.