Geotecnologias aplicadas ao estudo de precipitação e desmatamento na porção Sul da Amazônia

Abstract

In the Amazon, the impacts of a range of activities (logging, mining and agriculture) on the forest produce the destruction of biodiversity, land degradation and possible climate change. The forest has an intense interaction with the atmosphere by providing a lot of heat and water vapor contributing to the local humidity. Considering the current scenario of deforestation in southern Amazonia (Arc of Deforestation), it has been hypothesized that the transformation of land use and landscapes, will affect the local atmospheric circulation and contribute to changes in precipitation patterns. The research objectives were to analyze and understand the relationship between the change in use and land cover and precipitation patterns over an area located between the South of Amazon state and North of Rondônia state. For the research we used data from INPE / PRODES (1997-2010), precipitation data was obtained by the satellite Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) (1998-2010) and to analyze the dynamics of local convective systems we used data from the satellite Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) (2008). For the integration of data, we used the nine polygons, one of intense deforestation, a savanna, a less intense deforestation and forest rest. To analyze the trends of precipitation within the nine polygons of interest was applied the Mann-Kendall. In the south of Amazonas, in the cities studied, the area of study does not show a high-level of deforestation in percentage terms, but it is important to note that the process of deforestation has increased in recent years especially in the region of the "Arc of Deforestation". In the northern of Rondônia we can record higher levels of deforestation. In the study area, the 13 years of rainfall data estimated by TRMM satellite-3B43 indicate that the mean annual precipitation are around 2,232 mm.yr-1. In the analysis of impacts of deforestation, it was found that the eastern portion of the study area, the TRMM 3B43 data indicated a negative slope line in precipitation for the polygon of deforestation. The savanna and forest polygons did not show large variations in trends for annual and seasonal scale-time. The present results indicate possible changes in behavioral patterns in cloud and precipitation variables.