Síntese e caracterização de nanoceluloses a partir da fibra de Jacitara (Desmoncus polyacanthos Mart.).

Abstract

Jacitara's fibrous material is widely known in Amazonian indigenous communities for its quality, this unprecedented study showed the potential of Jacitara (Desmoncus polyacanthos Mart.) as a raw material for obtaining nanocellulose. To obtain these nanocrystals, initially there was a chemical pre-treatment with acid-chlorite, after this step acid hydrolysis (H2SO4) 55% (m/m) was performed. For the synthesis of cellulose nanofibrils, the mechanical method was used through the Super Mass Colloider defibrillator mill (Masuko). The samples of in natura Jacitara, cellulose and nanocellulose obtained were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (DRX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), diffraction a laser (LD), viscosity and atomic force microscopy. The crystallinity index of nanocrystals and nanofibrils was 0.61 and 0.47, and the temperature at the start of thermal decomposition was 230 and 337°C, respectively. The analysis regarding the distribution of nanofibril particles had cycle 20 as the optimal point, where 12.78% of the distribution was measured with particle size around 1,650 – 3,110 nm. The images obtained by atomic force microscopy prove the synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils from Jacitara.