Filosofia política e educação em Aristóteles: contribuição para a formação democrática do educando no ensino médio

Abstract

Across the centuries, Politics has remained present in history and contributed to the various organizations of the most diverse people. The Greeks realized the importance and pertinence of the theme and sought to investigate its relevance through Philosophy. This research has the general objective of establishing a methodological proposal for the teaching of philosophy in the field of political philosophy that develops dialogue and critical-political participation of basic education students for the development of autonomy, being the result of a practice carried out during philosophy classes as a didactic-pedagogical activity. We present as specific objectives, to develop a meticulous research study on the main aspects of political philosophy, identifying the transitions of political thought from antiquity to contemporaries; to analyze the teaching of political philosophy based on the proposal of the New Secondary School as a parameter for the emancipation of students; understand workshops for students in the 2nd year of high school, addressing discussions on political philosophy that enable training for the inclusion and protagonism of students. The first chapter presents a reflective investigation of the heritage left by the Greeks, with emphasis on the philosopher Aristotle (1998; 2009), seeking to understand how these concepts can relate to contemporaneity and how this abstracted the political idea of the Greeks, The second chapter makes a critical analysis of the New High School curriculum and the guidelines proposed by the official documents, the Federal Constitution (CF), the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (LDB), the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) and the Amazonian Curricular Reference (RCA), In addition to official documents, we will discuss with texts by Paulo Freire (1996; 2001) in our analyzes. The third chapter intends to create pedagogical interventions designed to awaken the awareness of high school students based on philosophical debates through conversation circles, discussing categories such as ideology, alienation, autonomy and emancipation in democratic training spaces. For this, this research is based on a qualitative approach and, as for its type, it will be fieldwork, with exploratory and descriptive objectives. With regard to data collection, they are of an empirical nature, results of teaching practice with the theme Political Philosophy in High School. The epistemological method of scientific investigation is based on the historical-dialectical approach, which has as its central premise the need to understand and explain the objects and phenomena investigated in order to understand the aspects that come to characterize the development of the forces that move society.