Potencial tecnológico do briquete de resíduos de espécies de madeiras da Amazônia

Abstract

The use of alternative energy sources, particularly biomass in the form of briquettes, arises as an opportunity to supply energy. This paper seeks to contribute, by means of a technological study with the use of a waste generated and discharged in most sawmills Manaus sawdust. The sawdust that was previously discarded in large quantities by sawmills today in other states such as Pará, Paraná and Rondônia, serves as fuel for the industry itself. After a drying process and compaction is possible to reach a new product (or byproduct) forming what we call briquette. The briquette has twice the calorific value of the fuel has low humidity and produces less smoke , the higher flame temperature and less gray. To develop this study five species, from the production process of a business segment of the timber industry on the floors, decks, etc. were used. Sample analysis and production of briquettes were performed at the Laboratory of Pulp and Paper / Charcoal (LCPCV). Five briquettes were produced for each species , at different temperatures : 100°C, 110°C, 120°C, 130°C and at room temperature. Subsequently, using the same temperatures briquettes with a mixture of five species, also known as MIX to be measured and compared was produced. Results in the density was considered high because ranged from 0,87 to 0,98 g/cm3 and the coefficient of variation was 11,50 % . Regarding the moisture content of the species differences were found because these values have varied from 7,38 to 9,03 % , with the most frequent values in the range of 8 % : (8,10 %), (8, 24%) and (8,50 %). For extractives content formed two groups, with values between 9,76 and 12,08 %. While for lignin four groups were formed. It is observed that the values obtained ranged from 30,47 to 41,72% . With regard to ash, only two groups were formed, one should highlight the high ash content (0,75%) presented by Dinizia excelsa Ducke. Through the analyzes to obtain the calorific value in wood observed that all species, including MIX (mixture of five species) formed one group, no significant difference. What allowed stating that, in practice, it is possible to obtain a product, if the briquette, good quality with the same mixture of species of the group under study. In economic point of view the energy from waste wood can be an alternative for use by small community or even by business segment of the timber industry. While the environmental point of view would avoid the possibility of these being discarded in nature, eliminating emissions, answering the hypotheses proposed.