Morfodinâmica na confluência dos rios Solimões-Amazonas e Rio Negro e a organização sócioespacial na costa do Rebojão e costa da terra nova no período de 1952 a 2016

Abstract

The thriving Amazon basin carved into the mantle of the world's largest rainforest is and will always be a matter of fascination and study. This work is restricted to the perimeter of the Costa do Rebojão, Xiborena Island and Costa da Terra Nova, a stretch where the waters of the Solimões-Amazonas and Negro rivers meet near the city of Manaus, from 1952 to 2016. The imbrications of natural and anthropic factors make up an enlarged and complex geography of this part of the Brazilian Amazon, represented by the spatial selection chosen in this research. Geology, geomorphology, hydrography, climatic factors and river dynamics, so to speak, establish the conditions of a constantly changing nature, bringing with it the contradiction that involves the loss of lands by the erosive processes, whose greatest expression in this context are the “terras caídas”, which generate losses, but also generates the gain coming from the deposition that the own fluvial dynamics makes possible. This is at the basis of a systemic view of nature, the result of which is an ever-changing, multiple, and complex geography of an intrinsic relationship between society and nature. Based on primary and secondary data, especially in the temporal analysis from the geoprocessing of satellite images, the intensity of the erosion and deposition process was observed. The research concluded that there were significant changes in the morphometry of the study area, particularly in the inflection of the angle of the confluence, a fact that was accompanied by massive erosion of the Costa do Rebojão and deposition of sediments on the Costa da Terra Nova and island Xiborena. The morphodynamics in question impacted, and continues to impact, the socio-spatial organization of the riverine population. This work, besides serving as the basis for future research, reinforces the man-nature dialectic, the core of physical and human geography.