Lignóides de Burseraceae da Amazônia.

Abstract

Lignoids are a class important of plants substances phenolic which is structurally characterized by coupling phenylpropanoids. It is a group with a large structural variation resulting in the wide variety of classes found in nature such as lignans and neolignans. Few studies have been conducted in relation to the family Burseraceae lignoids, being reported in only five genera, Bursera, Commiphora, Crepisdospermum, Tetragastris and Protium. With interest to perform the chemical profile of several species of the same family using chromatographic techniques, spectrometric and spectroscopic, from the crude extract, without the need of thorough insulation work, this project aimed to direct the phytochemical study by spectroscopic techniques of Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), and mass spectrometry spray ionization of electrons (MS-ESI) techniques and gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of the extracts of low and medium polarity species in the family Burseraceae Amazon. The metabolic profile was performed by 1H NMR, showed great similarity among the extracts in relation to the region of methyl hydrogens, which can be explained by the presence of triterpenes. Among these spectra, only four showed major differences: ECJN52, ECJN42, ECJN55 and ECON55. Were also observed, chemical shifts aromatic protons between δ 6.5 and 7.5 ppm and methylenedioxy groups between δ 5.9 and 6.04 ppm. The results obtained by ISE-MS showed also very similar among species. In a range of m/z predetermined between 300 and 600, which were seen only extracts EFAM52, ECON52, ECJN42, ECJN55 ECJN52 and showed ions m/z lignoids possible. As occurred in the analysis by 1H NMR and MS-ESI, the analysis by GC-MS, similar chromatographic profiles were observed between extracts. Comparing the fragmentation of literature with the results obtained from mass spectra by GC-MS, there was a great similarity with the fragment patterns of lignans dibenzylbutyrolactone. Could suggest that substances with m / z 352 and 354, may be of lignans and gadaina hinokinin respectively. The results for the CCD extracts in ethyl ether and ethyl acetate also a showed similar profile, as well as the spectroscopic analyzes. The results were statistically analyzed by TLC by hierarchical clustering method "hclust-ward" demonstrating the presence of two chemical groups for the extracts obtained in ethyl ether and EtOAc. The extracts obtained in ethyl ether and AcOEt were analyzed by MS-ESI, being observed substances with molecular characteristics of triterpenes and sterols acetylated and glycosylated, and biflavanóides lignoids.