A formação de conceitos científicos em física: uma proposta de ensino delineada pela teoria das ações mentais utilizando realidade aumentada

Abstract

With modernization and significant progress towards technology, education and educational practices used by the teaching staff must be aligned with new trends in Humanities. It is stressed by evaluation programs such as PROVA BRASIL and ENEM the failure of the teaching methods being used in the classroom by teachers. Several researchers in the field of education are trying to determine elements that result on learning difficulties in order to stablish new teaching techniques and methods. Therefore, the aim of this study is to propose a methodology procedure in teaching Physics using Augmented Reality through the telephone device (cell phone), with the intention to provide the students visualization to Mechanic problems, focusing on scientific concepts. Augmented Reality, as a computational tool, is used in the research to attract the interest in Science classes, and thus to be the initial foundation of the learning activity. The teaching model proposed is based on the Galperin’s psychological theory, a psychologist who defines the development of the psyche through mental stages organized and guided by an experienced person, called Action-Oriented Base (AOB). With the action-oriented base resource and Augmented Reality computational tool, this work proposes the didactic practice of teaching Physics using Augmented Reality. The research has been conducted among UFAM (Federal University of Amazon) Natural Sciences students. Methodology used to evaluate the research results in qualitative terms, with explanatory and exploratory intent. The instruments employed in order to obtain data were participant observation, questionnaire, interview and field diary. The results obtained through the data are products of the synthesis of the theoretical foundations of the research and data collected through methodological tools by the researcher. Based in the results, this work considers the possibility of the introduction of the previous proposed didactic sequence, highlighting positive indicators to the formation of scientific concepts in teaching Physics.