Ensaio de PCR multiplex para detecção de Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum e Neisseria gonorrhoeae em amostras vaginais auto coletadas de mulheres ribeirinhas no município de COARI/AM

Abstract

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are an important public health problem, because if not properly diagnosed and treated, they can result in severe complications, such as cervical cancer, ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortions, infertility, premature birth, among others. It is estimated that every day worldwide, one million people are infected with some type of STI and 357 million people each year. For the identification of these infections, molecular tests have shown to be a good alternative, as they present high sensitivity and specificity in relation to other tests. This study aims to develop a Multiplex PCR assay to search for the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in cervico-vaginal samples obtained by self-collection from riverside women in the municipality of Coari in Amazonas and to correlate the prevalence rates with sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and behavioral. The vaginal self-collection was performed with the aid of the KARPLAST® COARI® brush. DNA extraction was performed with QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (QIAGEN) and human genomic DNA amplification with PCO4 / GH20 primers. For the detection of the three pathogens, a multiplex PCR system was developed using specific primers for each pathogen. Epidemiological, clinical and behavioral data at risk for these infections were analyzed in the SPSS program. 420 vaginal samples were self-collected from 78 rural communities in the municipality of Coari. Our results showed that the age of the women sampled ranged from 18 to 70, with the majority (85.3%) being married or living in a stable relationship. The molecular results showed 100% positivity for human genomic DNA; mPCR detected the presence of T. vaginalis DNA in 1.9% of the women sampled. These had a mean age of 27.7 (SD = 6.4) and a low educational level. The presence of T. pallidum and N. gonorrhoeae DNA was not detected in any of the analyzed samples.