Obtenção e caracterização de filamentos e impressão 3d a partir de nanocompósitos poliméricos pla/nanopartículas de cobre com ação virucida

Abstract

In 2020, the world stopped due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the new Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the research for alternatives to reduce the impact of this virus in our society has intensified every day. Even with the tightening of sanitary and confinement measures, it was not possible to completely prevent the rapid spread of the disease among the population. An example of this dissemination and impact on society is the portrayal of the disease in the Brazilian population, which claimed more than 600,000 deaths. The production of nanomaterials based on metallic nanoparticles with virucidal properties dispersed in a polymeric matrix has been highlighted. Another fast and effective alternative is the production of materials using the Additive Manufacturing (AM) method or 3D printing. In this sense, this study aimed to investigate the use of copper nanoparticles (NPCu) in different proportions as a virucidal agent in composites with a polymeric matrix of polylactic acid in which the materials were produced through additive manufacturing. These samples were characterized by thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile strength, Shore D hardness, morphological analysis by means of Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The composites were produced following a mixing design with concentrations ranging from 1 to 2% of copper nanoparticles in a single screw extruder. The thermal analysis of the material showed that the NanoCu was important point in the degradation temperature and in the crystallization of PLA increases. The tests of tensile strength and hardness Shore D samples stood out, S7 with 287N (composition: 98.75% of PLA and 1.25% of NanoCu) and S3 with 211N (composition: 98.67% of PLA and 1, 33% of NanoCu) largely due to the good cohesion of the material, evidenced in the microscopy analyses, but it was noted that for the other samples of the composites the mechanical properties formed weak materials due to a failure in the deposition of the material at the time of processing. Regarding the virucidal analysis, the composites mostly showed the result of virus inhibition, only sample S1 did not react.