Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de câncer detectados no município de Coari entre os anos de 2015 a 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer is a disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Its physiopathology begins with the growth of abnormal cells caused by DNA mutation, giving rise to numerous cancer cells. There are several factors that influence its development, which is why the epidemiological study of cancer patients is an important contribution to health, as it allows the analysis of the profile of affected individuals, the determinants, and their distribution. Objectives: The Project to analyze the aimed epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with cancer that were treated at the regional hospital of Coari (HRC), in the interior of Amazonas state. Methodology: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and documental study with a quantitative approach. Secondary data collection was performed based on information contained in medical records of cancer patients hospitalized at the Regional Hospital of Coari (HRC), between 2015 and 2019. Variables analyzed were collected through a form and were referred to age, gender, cancer types and clinical evolution. The analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 24.0 software. Result: Due to the status of the medical records from 2015, it was not possible to collect any data from the respective year, as it did not fit the inclusion criteria. The research showed that females have a higher number of cancer cases in all years collected, with 78% in 2016, 53% in 2017, 54% in 2018 and 53% of cases in 2019. Males showed 22%, 47%, 46% and 47% in each year, respectively. Of the 160 cases of cancer found in the four years of research, 62% (n=99) of the cases were in women and 38% (n=61) were men. In addition to having the highest prevalence in females, it can be noted that cervical cancer stands out with an alarming percentage (93%) compared to other types of cancer and being the type that most affects women. And prostate cancer is the type that most affects men. Conclusion: Surveys like these bring relevant information for comparison with other regions and especially for the development of public policies.