Fatores associados e duração da internação por tuberculose em Manaus - Amazonas, 2010

Abstract

Despise advances in health in health, tuberculosis control needs to progress. It is curable with free outpatient treatment, in Brazil indicates that the performance in primary care, hospitalization being recommended for special cases. The hospital and its duration generate physical and psychological suffering for the patient and their families, patient costs, services and the health system, on the other hand, there is need for studies addressing factors associated with hospitalization with tuberculosis. The objective of this research was to identify and describe the clinical and epidemiological factors, socioeconomic, and its association with the duration of hospitalization in patients with tuberculosis hospitalized in Manaus / AM, in the year 2010. We conducted a clinical epidemiological study with primary data (interviews) and secondary (data records) for the monitoring of patients hospitalized with TB in the city of Manaus. Every procedure of the survey was executed from the use of a field manual, which constitutes a general guide the research. The interview was conducted with tuberculoses in the hospitals surveyed. The data entry was performed using the SPSS 16.0 descriptive analysis, bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed using the STATA 9.0. The associated factors were identified by chi-square or Student t test at 5%. We used the following variables: age, sex, comorbidities (hypertension, HIV-AIDS, malnutrition and diabetes) education, race / color, income, lifestyle habits (smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse) treatment regimen ; adverse reactions; smear; death, clinical presentation, type of discharge, and length of stay. The following factors were associated with risk of hospitalization of patients with tuberculosis: Male; Cachexia; TB-HIV coinfection, multidrug-resistance, previous episode of TB, pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB, previous opportunistic infection, chronic lung disease, lack of social support; smoking, presence of pulmonary cavities, smear-positive or negative, alcoholism, smoking, injecting drug use. The factors associated with hospitalization detected in this study shows the diversity of this important causal public health problem, which gathered here, allows to recognize the profile of the patient at higher risk for hospitalization, which would allow early intervention, and the adoption of control strategies the TB program. The profile of patients at risk for hospitalization, suggest that public policies show, as opposed to its effectiveness. The results also point to the need for the tuberculosis control program is revised basic health care, with assurance, and monitoring strategies for patients, being able to perform all the actions recommended by the national program of tuberculosis control