Quanta pavulagem! Só já subalternidade e descolonialismo na obra literária de Paulo Jacob

Abstract

Starting from an interdisciplinary proposal, given that the Society and Culture in the Amazon Postgraduate Program is a program that encompasses several areas of study. Thus, this thesis is built as if it were a mosaic of the Amazon constructed from the literary works of Paulo Jacob. The thesis proposal is: Paulo Jacob's literary production is, from some perspectives, at the opposite of the standards and paradigms of the production of his time, to the extent that it deals with subaltern subjects of the deep Amazon and inserts them in narratives with a tone of denunciation; also by choosing a regional language and omniscience; also by the political function assumed throughout the works. The Jacobian literary work presents traces of decolonialism by redirecting the gaze and letting the subaltern tell the story from their own perspectives of social conditions, historical, and cultural conditions of this group, as well as presenting characteristics that depart from the colonial pattern. Given the analyzed works, the corpus is manifested in 5 axes: rural Amazon, urban Amazon, indigenous Amazon, the Jewish presence in the Amazon, and the rubber period. The works analyzed were: Chuva Branca, (1967); A Noite Cobria o Rio Caminhando (1983); Chãos de Maíconã (1974); Dos Ditos Passados nos Acercados do Cassianã (2002); Um Pedaço de Lua Caía na Mata (1990). Considering also the interdisciplinary view, we sought to combine literary analysis, studies on subalternity and decolonialism since, with regard to the reading of literary works produced in Amazonas, the resulting relations have not yet been explored. The theory employed here walked through literature, sociology, history, cultural studies and studies on the Amazon. The basis of the analysis was based on two strands that dialogued to give the plural tone that the thesis sought: literary criticism and cultural studies. The results of the thesis can be summarized as follows: the subaltern characters in the works stage a plot from a regional language and, even though it reproduces colonialist ideas, it presents several decolonial aspects such as: denunciation of injustices, corruption, violence, rape; hybridism in the field of divinities; struggle and resistance of indigenous people; confrontation of the Eurocentric discourse; re-dimensioning of nature as a complex and integrated space; representation of social organizations that distance themselves from capitalism; rural space as the characters' point of equilibrium.