Impactos da proteção social básica da política de Assistência Social em situações de vulnerabilidades e prevenção aos riscos sociais: as vozes das famílias do município de Parintins/Am

Abstract

Poverty, vulnerabilities and risks, have roots in the very nature of capitalist production that aims at the accumulation of capital through the exploitation of labor. It is essential to know them in order to design and define public policies effectively. The thesis study had as main objective to evaluate the social impacts of the Basic Social Protection of the Social Assistance Policy from the Family Grant Program and the Service of Protection and Integral Assistance to the Family in situations of vulnerabilities and social risks of poor families of the Santa quarter Rita and the rural community Mato Grosso of the Vila Amazônia in the municipality of Parintins / Am. In order to achieve this broader objective, the research also aimed to: 1) Identify the vulnerabilities, risks and potentialities of beneficiary families of the PBF and participating in the PAIF; 2) To analyze the relationship between the demands of the beneficiary families and the offer of the PBF and the PAIF to meet the social needs, reflecting on the socio-welfare surveillance of the municipality; 3) Evaluate the impacts of PBF and PAIF on the neighborhood and rural community in reducing, preventing or overcoming vulnerabilities and social risks, indicating if there was a strengthening of autonomy and empowerment; 4) To propose a regionalized matrix of indicators to analyze vulnerabilities and risks in order to contribute to the composition of the socio-territorial Amazonian diagnosis, specifically in the Lower Amazon. For didactic purposes, the methodological course of this study involved specific processes composed of three distinct and interconnected, but not watertight, movements: exploratory research, field research, interpretation and data analysis. To approach the subjects of the study in their multiple expressions we propose the quantiqualitative approach. Universe and sample of the Santa Rita de Cássia neighborhood and the Mato Grosso community: The universe had 20 families from the neighborhood and 10 families from the community that met the criteria of the research, so it was decided to work with this total of families by themselves. to deal with a considerable quantitative for the research, not withdrawing sample. The application of a questionnaire and interviews with a semi-structured script was used as instrument. After completing the data collection, we began to organize the quantitative data in Excel 2007, to perform graphs, tables, interpretation and analysis of the data, as well as analyzing the speeches of the research subjects in the qualitative approach. The results showed that families have several vulnerabilities and are exposed to risks, some of which are already experiencing social risk, and are families that also have potentialities that need better attention from Basic Social Protection services. The demands of the families are diverse, but the social assistance policy from the PBF and PAIF has not offered services that respond to their real needs. The municipal social assistance policy urgently needs to implement the actions of socio-welfare surveillance so that there is effectiveness in the actions, since from this it will be possible to know the vulnerabilities, needs and demands of the local population with the provision of services suited to their reality. It was concluded that the PBF and the PAIF have not been able to overcome all the vulnerabilities and risks, but have been contributing to their relief within the families. It can be noted that the Program and the Service have had a positive impact in most of the families that frequently participate in the services, where it was noticed the prevention of new vulnerabilities, both in the neighborhood and in the community, especially those who did not comply with conditionalities. Finally, we leave as a suggestion of the thesis a matrix that can contribute to reflect on the vulnerabilities and risks in the Lower Amazon.