Comportamento fisiológico e adaptação de combinações copa/porta-enxerto para limeira-ácida “Tahiti” em condições de campo na região metropolitana de Manaus

Abstract

Citrus production without diversification of grafted variety combinations poses a risk to the sustainability of this agricultural business in the state of Amazonas. The use of new alternatives for combining scion and rootstock makes it possible to increase productivity without the need to expand cultivation areas through deforestation of native areas. Furthermore, new combinations of scion and rootstock adapted to the region are a good strategy for cultivation in local conditions. This work sought to evaluate the initial development of different scion/rootstock combinations for the 'Tahiti' acid lime tree in the edaphoclimatic conditions of the metropolitan region of Manaus. In field conditions, 3 types of 'Tahiti' lime tree tops were tested, which were 'BRS Passos', 'CNPMF 5058' and 'CNPMF 01' in combination with three rootstocks ('BRS Donadio', 'BRS Matta' and 'BRS J Furr') from the Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura germplasm bank, totaling nine combinations in a plantation at Fazenda Santa Rosa, municipality of Iranduba- AM. The evaluation of the combinations was carried out on plants approximately two years old based on plant survival, vegetative vigor index, crown coverage rate in the row and between rows, average crown volume, conformation index, physiological parameters (chloroplast pigments, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and gas exchange) and biochemicals (proteins, phenolic compounds and proline content). The combination 'BRS Passos' x 'BRS Donadio' showed better performance in terms of growth rates, nutrient absorption, biochemical compounds and photosynthetic parameters, however, the other combinations tested also presented good values in the evaluated parameters.