Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes cirróticos internados em hospital público de referência na região Amazônica, Belém – Pará

Abstract

Hepatic Cirrhosis constitutes a serious worldwide problem of public health by its silent clinical aspect, with discreet and inconspicuous symptoms and by its diverse causes. Since it is dependent on interaction with a series of other illnesses, the best way to prevent it and enhance collective and individual health is to know the disease, providing the community with scientific studies on cirrhotic patients, with emphasis on in-hospital mortality. The general objective of this research and know epidemiologically the characteristics, causes, evolution of cirrhotic patients hospitalized in the period 2005 to 2010, in a public hospital of reference in the Amazon Region of Belem, Pará. A transversal, retrospective, descriptive study was done using a quantitative approach. For the collection of data a structured form was used that included socioeconomic and demographic variables, clinical and risk factor variables, and variables of hospitalization and case development. Statistically descriptive analysis was used with the application of chi-square test or Fisher's exact test to evaluate the associations between variables, and the logistic regression model of torque, with the objective of testing the dependent variables and two or more independent, with α=0.05 %. 155 eligible records of hospitalized patients diagnosed with Hepatic Cirrhosis. It was a predominance of males, with a mean age of 50 years (SD ± 15.15 ). The Parda color is the most frequent, most patients have residence in the metropolitan region of Belem, the predominant monthly family income is from 1 to 2 minimum wages. In the study series, most of the deaths occured in 2010. Alcoholism is the most frequent underlying disease, followed by the chronic hepatitis C and B. The diagnostic time for cirrhosis is 1-5 years. The gastroesophegeal varicoses comorbidity is the most frequent, the prevailing prognostic classification Child-Pugh B, and Child-Pugh C presents the worst prognosis to death. In family history diabetes mellitus is the most frequent. In the past, the hemotransfusion, may have contributed to the contamination by diseases transmitted by blood products, such as hepatitis B and C. Complementary medicine probably exposes the cirrhotic patient with the risk of worsening of the disease and death, but the available data are insufficient to confirm this. The reason for hospitalization more frequent and the ascites, and during the hospital stay the complication more preponderant and hepatic encephalopathy. The average time of hospital stay was 18 days. in-hospital mortality and of 20.65 %.The category without response has been present in all the research and may have influenced the interpretation and evaluation of the behavior of the disease throughout the follow-up and in-hospital mortality rate. Cirrhosis is a progressive disease with a strong tendency of the risk of death due to complications, it is important to plan health actions that meet the needs of health/illness of cirrhotic patients and aims to reduce the morbidity and early mortality and avoidable. We conclude that the research in question has contributed to encourage new research on the subject, that can enrich more studies on this tool. In addition to pointing problems of records and failure prevention. It is hoped that this research stimulates proposal of new targets and strategies for improving the care provided to the bearer cirrhotic