Saberes e práticas tradicionais: as condições do trabalho nos estaleiros navais à beira-rio da cidade de Manaus

Abstract

Along the river in the city of Manaus extends from the mouth of the river to the Tarumã Puraquequara river. A distance of 43km long. The left banks of the Rio Negro, are the São Raimundo neighborhood in the 1980s received several traditional boats coming from other neighborhoods. In this thesis, we focus our attention on the traditional knowledge and practices and working conditions in shipyards along the waterfront of the city of Manaus, in the district of São Raimundo, West zone. The challenges posed this study was north the following questions: How shipwrights shipyards Jaime Dias, Sao Raimundo, and St. George see the precariousness of work by the river in Manaus? How did the historical process and transmission of knowledge in the construction of boats? What is the future of these subjects in shipbuilding along the waterfront of San Raimundo on casualization? As contextualize historically the manufacture of vessels in the Amazon, specifically in Manaus? What is the role of other workers as calkers in the history of shipbuilding wood? The methodological tools were important in all phases of this study because of the complex issues that necessarily imposes joint and dialogues between the branches of science that needed to be connected and interconnected to arrive at an answer that would allow understand this reality on the naval work to Beira river in the Amazon. Weaving an articulated, interdisciplinary approach allowed us to highlight the precarious working conditions of ship workers who work in traditional shipyards Jaime Dias, Sao Raimundo, and St. George, all located in the neighborhood of São Raimundo, West town of Manaus. The construction of knowledge is by nature interdisciplinary, since it mobilizes to varying degrees of intensity the various fields of knowledge, allowing us to more real and dynamic way, knowing the complexity of this study. We use Thompson (1987) on the construction of history from below, we use the concept of memory in Halbwachs (1990) and Bosi (1993), in Adorno and Horkheimer (1985) and Marcuse (1964) - explore the concept of "fetish "autonomy, profit and false freedom hiding his identity in relation to its production in Dejours (2003) and Weil (1979) explored the relationship suffering and pleasure not only in the narratives given by the subjects, but also in daily life, They have shown some characteristics of the Amazonian man, and other authors. By this way or theoretical route we resorted to qualitative approach, where the subjects were composed of 04 shipwrights, 04 calkers and over 05 workers between various modes: painter, motor mechanic, carpenter, electrician, welder, plumber and among others providing services to small cited yards. From the narratives of these naval workers we know the job conditions, cultural knowledge about the boat production and repair activity still active along the waterfront of the city. We realize the memory of the place, on his art and craft that enabled us to understand social reality still hidden, but still alive and present. One of the central research subject was the shipwright, for providing information about the know-how that emerges from the everyday practices. The Amazonian man carrying a traditional knowledge fits into the history of the area as a builder of water, able to build unique boats. Bring inside the mark of a secular tradition, carry in their history a face of work in the Amazon region. Precarious work is a constant, which causes them to occur imminent accident by the lack of infrastructure or by fatigue due to long working hours. Think of local development goes through, first of all, in an effort to find ways to involve traditional knowledge (where lies the richness and creativity), traditional production practices, characterized by knowledge of man. Understanding the work process by the river allowed us to see the face of the underlying work of the Amazonian man, reification and symbolic disappearance of individuals to the waterfront to the banks with professions that do not require technical skills, but a huge store of empirical knowledge in the art of shipbuilding, it is essential for the world of work in traditional sites along the river Amazon