Matriz de sustentabilidade e análise da percepção ambiental em relação aos resíduos sólidos domiciliares no sudoeste do Amazonas

Abstract

Urban solid waste is today a challenging topic on the environmental public policy agenda due to its diversity and complexity. The present work aimed to apply the Sustainability Matrix in the Management of Urban Solid Waste in the city of Humaitá / AM, as well as to describe the environmental perception of residents, how they manage Urban Solid Waste, as well as the environmental and public health impacts related to him. The survey was conducted with 396 residents in all neighborhoods of the municipality of Humaitá-AM. It had a mixed approach, and as instruments were used a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. As for the data analysis, the quantitative ones were analyzed by the descriptive statistics view. And the qualitative, the analysis used was the Thematic Analysis theory. According to the analysis made using the Sustainability Matrix, it can be seen that the municipality of Humaitá falls within the range of 1.0≤NS≤4.0 (4.75), which regarding the Sustainability Level is considered Low Sustainability. Regarding (1) Environmental Perception of residents, 97% were aware that the environment was all around them and that it was responsible for future generations; As for environmental preservation, it could be seen that it was related to the care that the resident had with the environment, even saying that: “the environment was mixed with one's own life. About (2) Waste Management, 95% of respondents correctly understood the concept of waste, stating that they put it in “Dumpsters and plastic bags”. About the separation of the waste 90% answered that it did not make any separation. Regarding (3) Environmental and Public Health Impacts, the addresses highlight street / waste disposal and burning as the main environmental problems. About Health, 76.8% believe that the incorrect disposal of waste can lead to some kind of disease. Given the above, it can be seen that residents have a good perception of the environmental problems that surround them, including the problem of domestic solid waste.