Progresso genético da produtividade de grãos beneficiados de Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner no estado de Rondônia

Abstract

This study aimed to measure the genetic progress of coffee grain yield (in bags.ha-1) from the clonal selection of Conilon coffee plants and the estimation of genetic parameters for three consecutive agricultural years. The experiment was carried out in six randomized complete blocks, with four plants per plot, at 3 x 2 m spacing, at the Embrapa Rondônia experimental station, Ouro Preto do Oeste - RO. It began in December 2011 with 130 genotypes and the evaluations occurred in the 2014, 2015 and 2016 harvests. The estimation of the genetic parameters, the prediction of the values and the genotypic effects of the clones, the genetic progress and the minimum number of measurements were performed with the REML / BLUP procedure by the SELEGEN program. Estimates of the genetic parameters indicated genetic component predominance in each agricultural year, however, the environmental variation (temporary effects plus permanent effects) predominated over the genotype variation in the joint evaluation of the crops. The genetic progress of the coffee yield was 49.88% with the selection of the best 10% clones, and provided an increase in average productivity from 42.57 bags.ha-1 to 63.80 bags.ha-1. With three agricultural years it was possible to select clones that maintain their genetic superiority, with high accuracy (0.90) and determination (0.88). The MHPVG procedure associated with the genetic gains selected superior, stable and more adaptable clones of Conilon coffee trees for the northern region of Brazil.