Diagnóstico da comercialização de pescado nas grandes redes varejistas (Empórios, Supermercados e Hipermercados) da cidade de Manaus

Abstract

The commercialization of fish of extractive and aquaculture origin is important in the world economy, generating income for millions of people. Fish production in the Amazon generates a great diversity of organisms used commercially, which, added to fish imported from other states and other nations, expands the offer of fish products composed of fish, molluscs and crustaceans, gaining prominence in the cultural, social and economic context. In this scenario, the objective of the present work was to characterize the fish and its derivatives sold in large retail establishments (emporiums, supermarkets and hypermarkets) distributed in the urban area of the City of Manaus. The study was carried out between May/2021 and March/2022, with visits to 14 supermarket chains, making a total of 25 establishments. Data collection was carried out through 1,978 photos, two videos and pamphlets that resulted in 1,887 cataloged products. These products have in their composition or totality 39 groups and species of aquatic organisms, being 17 (45.95%) groups of species from the freshwater environment and 22 (54.05%) from the marine environment, among the latter, 4 groups of seaweed species, in addition to extractive and aquaculture origin. In the establishments visited in Manaus, consumers find regional and imported products, sold in natura or in different forms of processing carried out in the “fishmongers” of the establishments or in production sites outside the state. The establishments were subdivided into Emporiums (Group 1), Supermarkets (Group 2) and Hypermarkets (Group 3). The fishery products with the highest commercialization value were found in Group 1 and with the lowest value in Group 3. In terms of diversity, it was found that Group 2 sells the highest quantity of products and Group 3 the lowest quantity. In these establishments, consumers can purchase seaweed (dried fish), fish, molluscs, crustaceans, reptiles and mixed products (paella kit: crustacean, fish and mollusc) and derivatives such as dumplings, preserves (canned and sachets), fresh/in natura products (whole, in slices, cuts, etc.), paste (pate, surimi), tambaqui sausages/sausages (Colossomo macropomum), dry salted, with the 17 products with the highest number of records, involving 7 groups of species: Tuna (Thunnus thynnus), Cod (Gadus morhua; Gadus macrocephalus), Shrimp (Farfantepenaeus brasilienses; Litopenaeus vannamei), Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas), Sardines (Sardinella brasiliensis) Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus ), In the comparative analysis of the representation values between the groups, there was no significant difference, demonstrating that the diversity of products offered allows the clientele to have a wide choice, among the products made available.