Entre médicos e professores: trajetórias do currículo médico da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Amazonas

Abstract

This research, of a comprehensive nature and qualitative approach, was carried out with theoretical-methodological support of dialectical hermeneutics. In it we proposed an analysis of the curricular reformulation process of the Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Amazonas, from 1980 to 2010. In the centrality of the study, the objective of understanding the curricular change process of this Faculty, through the reconstruction of the trajectory of the medical curriculum. In order to reach this goal, we have constructed, in a general plan, a history of the Curriculum of said Faculty, in view of the record of the meanings assumed in medical education. Likewise, we try to reveal, in the plot of the statements, the possible impacts of these curricular changes on the teaching work and on the pedagogical practices developed by the teachers. Having as main informants the Coordinators of the Course Collegiate who were in the academic and pedagogical management of the Medicine Course during the mentioned period, we used individual interviews, lasting approximately one hour. As a methodological structure, we sought, through the collection and analysis of the testimonies, to identify the woven fabric and the episodes that marked this process of change, analyzing them in the light of a theoretical reference in which five conceptual blocks were previously identified that erected our categories of analysis. Thus, pedagogical knowledge, pedagogical practices, professorship, curriculum and teaching work were problematized based on the statements of the interviewees and the authors of reference, such as: Paulo Freire, Demerval Saviani, Moacir Gadoti, Luiz Antônio Cunha, Selma Garrido Pimenta, Antonio Nóvoa, Maurice Tardif, Gimeno Sancristáne Miguel Arroyo. Due to the nature of the research and the proposed objectives, we also use linguistic scholars such as Mikhail Bakthim and Vygotsky. As this work is part of a field of intersection between pedagogy and medical education, it was also necessary to study works that discuss the history of medicine, health policies and the trajectory of medical training in Brazil. The research also offered a contribution to the debate about teacher education in higher education. Looking at the ways of knowing how to do teaching in medical education, we apprehend the meanings attributed to the training by the historical subjects involved in this process, in this case, the medical teachers of the Medical Course. In other words, our study brought to light the conceptions of knowledge, curriculum, teaching and learning, and finally education, which mobilized and sustained these curricular reformulations. Raising the tensions, resistances and adherences to the process of change, from the knowledge of a given reality, the study expands the understanding of the demands and needs of the contemporary university, a motto for the realization from work.