Perfil sociodemográfico, estilo de vida e condições de saúde, com ênfase na hipertensão arterial sistêmica, de trabalhadores da Atenção Primária à Saúde no contexto amazônico

Abstract

Introduction: Arterial hypertension is one of the main causes for the development of cardiovascular diseases, among the related factors, we highlight the sociodemographic profile, lifestyle and health conditions, including among workers who work in the area of Primary Care. the health. General Objective: to evaluate the sociodemographic profile, lifestyle and health conditions of professionals working in Primary Health Care, as well as to identify associations with pre-hypertension and arterial hypertension. Specific Objectives: To characterize the sociodemographic profile, aspects related to work, personal and family history of diseases, among professionals working in Primary Health Care; Assess lifestyle, physical activity level, common mental disorder among professionals; To compare the group of Primary Health Care professionals based on the classification of blood pressure levels in relation to sociodemographic variables, work aspects, personal and family background and lifestyle; To estimate the association of variables with the outcome of prehypertension and arterial hypertension. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, targeting workers who work in primary health care units located in the city of Manaus-AM. Data collection was performed using the interview technique and casual blood pressure measurement, according to the parameters adopted by the Brazilian Association of Cardiology. The instrument consisted of semi-structured questions to survey the socioeconomic, demographic, personal/family and work background of the target audience. Three validated questionnaires called: FANTASTIC LIFESTYLE, SRQ-20 and IPAQ, short version were also applied. The information was entered in pairs, stored and statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program, version 21.0 (manuscript 1) and R software version 3.5.1 (manuscript 2). The magnitude of the associations was estimated by the Odds Ratio (OR), in order to find the odds ratio as a risk factor or protection factor, adopting the 95% confidence interval as a measure of precision. Results: The results obtained were organized into two manuscripts. The first one is entitled “Sociodemographic, work and health profile of Primary Health Care workers” and it was found that 72.4% occupied middle-level positions and 27.6% higher-level positions. There was a statistical difference in: assistance sector (p ≤ 0.004b), having other jobs (p ≤ 0.002), having a partner (p ≤ 0.012), average number of children (p ≤0.031), education (p <0.001) , number of minimum wages (p<0.001), type of housing (p≤0.049), type of transport (p≤0.001), time working at the health unit (p≤0.024), mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) ( p ≤ 0.042c)], number of walking days in the last week (p ≤ 0.014)], number of days of moderate activity (p≤0.05) and daily average of these activities (p≤0.033). The second manuscript is entitled “Factors associated with systemic arterial hypertension in Primary Health Care workers”. Regarding the risks of developing hypertension, it was inferred: the male sex for the development of pre-hypertension (OR 10.55; 95%CI 2, 41-46.17) and hypertension (OR 3.48; 95%CI 1.06 – 11.44); the increase every one year of age for pre-hypertension (OR 1.15; 95%CI 1.04 -1.28) and hypertension (OR 1.19; 95%CI 1.1 - 1.28); the presence of selfreported diseases (OR 5.29; 95% CI 1.93 – 14.49) and having a family history of the disease (OR 4.48; 95% CI 1.12 – 17.96) increase the chance of having hypertension. As for the protection factors, there are: type of transport (OR 0.15; 95% CI 0.03 - 0.6)] and, frequency of walking days (OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.53 - 0.93) to prevent pre-hypertension. Conclusion: Aspects related to the profile of Primary Health Care workers, such as lifestyle (walking, moderate activity), presence of self-reported diseases, family history, altered blood pressure levels during casual measurement, have statistical differences when reassessed. considering the professional category (high school or higher), there is a need for specific health interventions for each group that aim to raise awareness of the adoption of a healthier lifestyle, according to the reality experienced within each category. In addition, when specifically researched on arterial hypertension, among all the professional categories of these workers, an association was found with variables related to lifestyle, working conditions and health. In this way, it is also important to incorporate worker health strategies aimed at promoting, preventing and recovering the health of these professionals who are part of the preferential gateway of users of the health system.