Avaliação dos efeitos da arborização no Índice de Conforto Térmico Ambiental em residências na cidade de Manicoré-AM

Abstract

In the urban area of Manicoré-AM, deforestation has become increasing due to population growth and consequently the expansion of the city. Urban afforestation is essential for the built environment, in fact, the way the city is planned interferes with the climate and thermal comfort of the place. The Human Thermal Comfort Indexes (HCI) take into account the Air Temperature (Ta) and Relative Air Humidity (RH), and are classified in degrees of Human Comfort. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of afforestation on the behavior of the Environmental Thermal Comfort Index, among different types of residences in the city of Manicoré-AM. Data were collected using thermohygrometers installed in eight residences in arboreal and non-arboreal areas, in the urban area of the study site. The months of collection were December/2021 and January/2022 (rainy season), and June and July/2022 (dry season). Data were recorded every 10 min. After processing the data, line graphs were drawn up for the various Ta (°C) and RH (%), and boxplots for the ICH's, with the help of the R-Studio software. Masonry residences with ceramic tile roofing and PVC lining (Type 4) were the ones with the most thermal differences between areas, in December/2021: 1,5 °C, January/2022: 1,7 °C, June /2022: 1,8 °C and July/2022: 2,2 °C. n terms of UR, Type 4 residences showed the greatest differences in indices between areas, in December/2021: 9,5%, January/2022: 10%, June/2022: 10,4%, July/2022: 10,5%. The residences presented varying degrees of Comfort and Bearable Discomfort, with the exception of the wooden residence in an arboreal area, in which the observations tended to Unbearable Discomfort in the months of December/2021 and July/2022, at certain times of the day. There was no significant difference for the ICH in terms of areas, when it comes to the rainy season in wooden houses with fiber cement roofing tile and wood lining (Type 3), while for the dry season, all residences showed a statistically significant difference . In terms of hydrological periods, only Type 4 residences in the arboreal area showed no statistically significant difference. As for the non-tree area, all residences were statistically significant. Therefore, no residence was considered as thermally comfortable, but even so, afforestation is essential to mitigate the effects of urbanization, in addition to providing a better quality of life for its residents.