Aspectos estruturais de Costus spicatus (Jacq.)Sw.(pobrevelho), Stachytarpheta cayennensis (Rich)Vahl(gervão), Ayapana triplinervis (M.Vahl)R.M King &H.Rob.(japana) numa perspectiva micológica e fitoquímica

Abstract

Rainforests represent a source of natural resources resulting from ecological interactions, especially among plant and microorganisms. There are times the product of the secondary metabolism of these beings is used by industry by virtue of its antimicrobial potential. This work has evaluated the structural aspects and there associated anatomical phytochemical survey of mycological and three medicinal plants, which are: Costus spicatus, Stachytarpheta cayennensis, Ayapana triplinervis. The anatomical results show that C. spicatus has amphihypostomatic leaf, stomats tetracitic and filamentous tectores trichomes; S. cayennensis has amphihypostomatic leaf, diacíticos stomats and anomocitic and tectores and glandular trichomes. A. triplinervis has amphihypostomatic leaf, stomats anomocitics, glandular trichomes and tectores, ducts and aerênquima. The histochemistry and chemical prospecting of three species indicated the presence of substances such as alkaloids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, heterosídeos cinogênicos and volatile acids and starch. The isolation of endophytes showed that C. spicatus has highest rate of colonization and the fungal genera more frequent in three species were: Phacelomyces, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium and Trichoderma