Modelo de gestão econômico-ambiental por remuneração de serviços ambientais por créditos de carbono, no município de Presidente Figueiredo/AM, com simulação de SAFS

Abstract

Carbon Credits are an important instrument of payment for environmental services. Although sustainable activities generally focus on carbon sequestration, they produce numerous other environmental services, such as rainfall cycle, biodiversity, soil fertility, etc. A model of economic-environmental management is proposed in this dissertation to give economic incentives to local producers and investors, in order to promote the production of environmental services. The tool for the generation of these services will be the SAF (Agroforestry System), although this model can be applied to other sustainable activities that aim both to the preservation of native forests, or the recovery of degraded areas. The simulation of the model considers the city of Presidente Figueiredo, in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Two investment funds, managed by an finance institution, will be created. The Investment Fund for Families aims to pay the local farmers, for the environmental services provided, during the first years of production of SAF, while local producers do not receive any income from perennial crops. The Buyer s Security Fund aims to ensure the return of the investment paid by the buyers of environmental services. The exercise performed, simulating a SAF of an hectare with 370 trees, 16 quarterly payments of R$ 78.05 per hectare, or R$ 0.2109 per tree, can be made. From the 5th year on, no other payments for environmental services will be made, while local farmers will have only the income from their SAF. From the 7th year on, the local farmers will be able to pay for new trees, in new areas. The model will have a cycle of 18 years. At the end of the cycle the buyers, of environmental services, will receive the amount of R$6.84, from the Buyer s Security Fund; and the amount from the sale of the carbon credits, after the mentioned 18 years.