Evidências da ação anti-inflamatória de Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz em modelos experimentais in vivo e in vitro: Uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Jucá or “pau-ferro” [Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz] is a plant belonging to the Fabaceae family, widely found in the Northern and Northeastern regions in Brazil. Popularly used in the treatment of diseases such as diarrhea, anemia, diabetes, healing, among others, and presenting anti-inflammatory action. Animal model’s studies to verify the anti-inflammatory action of new drugs derived from plants are used, as well as to know the safety, efficacy and toxicity of these plants. Aims: Research the evidence of the anti-inflammatory action of the jucá in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methodology: For the search, analysis and synthesis of evidence of the anti-inflammatory action of L. ferrea in in vivo and in vitro models, a Systematic Review was carried out. To preparation of the protocol according to PRISMA's tool the following guiding question were: Which part of the L. ferrea plant and what type of extract have the highest evidence of anti-inflammatory effects on acute inflammation using in vivo and in vitro experimental models?. The bases used for research were PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, LILACS and Web of Science. And in the grey literature Google Scholar and ProQuest were used in February 2020 and an updated in March 2021. To analyze the risk of bias for in vivo studies the SYRCLE’s RoB tool was used. For the analysis of the quality of the in vitro study the SciRAP tool was used. And for the in vivo studies of the GRADE for in vivo studies and GRADEpro were used. And for the description of toxicity, botanical aspects, phytochemical characteristics, ethnopharmacological properties and experimental studies with jucá, a Narrative Review was elaborated. Results: The protocol was registered and approved in PROSPERO under the number CRD42020159934. At the Systematic Review, 609/504 articles were identified, of which 299/303 were excluded because they did not correspond to the inclusion criteria. 10/13 studies for data extraction and analysis were included. Thus, ten in vivo and three in vitro studies remained. In most studies, the quality of evidence was considered moderated. In the narrative review, both in vivo and in vitro studies the toxicity was absent. In use the in vivo models rats and mice were stood out. In the plant, phenolic compounds were the most identified. Conclusions: Jucá presents anti-inflammatory activity in all studies included regardless of plant part and type of extract and/or fraction used in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Thus, further studies following standardized guides should be conducted in experimental models related to the anti-inflammatory activity of this plant to generate a higher level of evidence.