Da Vila Municipal ao Adrianópolis: percepção, representação e produção social do espaço

Abstract

The objective of the work was to understand the production of the physical and social space for the inhabitants of the square of Adrianópolis (Manaus/AM). One searched more than in the representations of the inhabitants with ten years or more than of residence in the square, the content that induces the social production of that space. The participants had been chosen by the proper "legitimated" inhabitants and as "guardian of the square history". This fact determined the election of the 16 inhabitants classified topographical region of its residence (high/low Adrianópolis and slope of the street Paraíba). It worked hypothesis - that it was confirmed - that the production of the space, in its form and functions, is lead by the social representations of the inhabitants which are constructed by means of the purposes of the capitalist accumulation, determining the constituent ideas of the identity of the square and fomenting the exclusion partner-space of that they are not incased in the standards daily payestablished for the logic of the capital. The instruments for the field research had been: the semi-structured interview, with five subjects that had objectified to raise the proposals of the participants to about the identity and the meaning of the square, as well as, the form as they coexist occured the physical and social changes in the square; the technique of the narration of the life history, that allowed to establish a relation of the social representations of the citizen with its experience of life; the photographic technique, in which the participants had been displayed to photographs of the diverse identified places, when of the daily pay-test of the instruments, as representative of the square, the emitted opinion was grouped with the speech pronounced in the correlated interview and with the excellent information of the history of life of the citizen. Beyond the cited techniques, he was requested to the participants who represented the square of Adrianópolis by means of desenho(s) that they had been analyzed as complement of the data gotten in excessively the techniques. The strategy theoreticianmethodology of the research was developed on the basis of the system approach, considering the phenomenon in all its complexity; in the práxis of the materialism description-dialetic, coming close itself to the reality by means of the historical context of the social relations in the square, at the same time where it considered the manifestations of the lived one by means of the survey of the environmental perception, or either, the apprehended reality, that one presented to the conscience for the directions. The analysis of the data showed that not obstante the re-presentation that produces and molds the reality, is necessary a complex process that goes since the contact with a reality (socially constructed and reconstructed) and the sensorial perception that even distorts it, finally, to materialize itself in a group representation of that before it was presented them and apprehended. Thus being, environmental perception that confers identity and significação to the "place", in this in case that to the Adrianópolis, also is the base on which the social representations are constructed that will give form to this space. The perception of the reality of the inhabitants of Adrianópolis results in different representations on the space, as the joint of each social group with the purposes of the capitalist logic. The research demonstrated that the inhabitants of the low Adrianópolis, more syntonized with the new functions of the space molded for the capital, have social representations that they reproduce the purpose of the capitalist accumulation. While that the inhabitants of the high Adrianópolis and the slope represent the resistance to this process.