Desenvolvimento de uma micro-blockchain privada para coleta de dados de dispositivos IIoT

Abstract

This study addresses the development of a private micro-blockchain for data collection from Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices using microelectronics with similar functionalities. The DHT11 was employed as a temperature sensor, while the ESP32 WROOM was used as an IIoT microcontroller, demonstrating superior performance to the Arduino Nano 33 IoT in IIoT applications. The research focused on the security of data communication in factory environments at the application layer, taking into account the prevalence of cyber attacks. A method was proposed that, despite the need for manual data implementation, showed significant results in terms of functionality and applicability. The transmission of MQTT protocol data on a web3 blockchain network proved to be secure against Man-in-the-Middle and DDoS attacks. It is important to note that transactions carried out on the micro-blockchain do not involve the expenditure of bitcoins. The study also explored the use of Proof of Work (PoW) in the micro-blockchain to produce the timestamp of the creation of the private key. Limitations were identified and future research was suggested to automate the data implementation process. Guidelines for future work were proposed, including wired physical communication and the restriction of information exchange to access to private and public keys. This study contributed to the existing literature and opened new possibilities for future research on the secure integration of IIoT devices in factory environments.