Desenvolvimento de imunossensor para detecção de Fator de Necrose Tumoral Alfa Humano (TNF- α)

Abstract

Immunosensor is an immune system based on the interaction of antigen-antibody recognition, which involves immobilizing antigens or antibodies on the transducer surface, with consequent emission of signals during this molecular recognition interaction. The types of transducers are available physicochemical or integrated microsystems, optical, electrochemical, thermometric, piezoelectric, magnetic or micromechanical. Several immunosensors are being developed to simplify the detection process, reduce the analysis time, improve the sensitivity and reduce costs. Among the detection techniques electrochemical generates high quality data and is suitable for detection of cytokines, proteins, enzymes and other substances. The literature that supported the review was based on papers published in the last 20 years (1996-2016), obtained from Scientific databases like ScienceDirect, Capes, Scopus, and Lilacs and at the end we selected 2,332 articles, which used the technique electrochemistry. Among the advantages of this technique are the diversity of options that are available to the public in terms of electrodes, instruments, reagents and enzyme markers. In addition to having low electrochemical interferences in complex clinical or food sample, reduction or elimination of washing steps or the addition of external reagents coupled with the low cost and ease of instrumentation used for fast diagnosis, prevention and treatment of many diseases including infectious and autoimmune diseases.