Rubiaceae Juss. nas campinaranas do baixo Rio Negro e biologia reprodutiva de Pagaema guianensis Aubl.

Abstract

The vegetative formations called campinaranas occupy about 7% of the Amazon and its greatest extent is in the Rio Negro basin. This work conducted a floristic survey and taxonomic treatment of species of Rubiaceae in campinaranas from Tupé Sustainable Development Reserve, and a study of the reproductive biology of Pagamea guianensis was performed in a campinarana spot in the municipality of Iranduba - AM. In campinarana environments from Sustainable Development Reserve of Tupe, were sampled fifteen species in ten genera: Borreria alata, B. verticillata, Duroia saccifera, Ixora intensa, Palicourea corymbifera, P. nitidella, Psychotria hoffmanseggiana Remijia amazonica, Sabicea amazonensis, Pagamea duckei, P. guianensis, Palicourea anisoloba, P. virens and Sipanea pratensis, being the last six new records for the reserve. Pagamea guianensis has an annual flowering cycle with intermediate or seasonal duration, has diclinous flowers, with longistylous and brevistylous morphs. In both morphs rudiments of reproductive structures as pistillodes and staminodes are observed, being a dioecious species. The species is generalist entomophilous, although bees were the main visitors (Augochloropsis sp., Mesonychium sp., Xylocopa (Schonnherria) muscaria and Apis mellifera). Wasps are the second most frequent group, represented by families Scoliidae, Pompilidae, Crabronidae and Sphecidae; followed by Diptera (Palpada nigripes and P. vinetorum. Pagamea guianensis is not apomictic, and only plants with pistillate flowers produce fruits, while in staminate flowers, only pollen is produced. Ramphocelus carbo was the only bird observed consuming its fruits, being its probable disperser