A evolução e limitações da produção orgânica no Brasil

Abstract

The organic agriculture or organic farming is the term often used for food production of animal and vegetable products that do not make use of synthetic chemicals or genetically modified food, and generally adheres to the principles of sustainable agriculture. The base is holistic and puts emphasis on the ground. The principle of organic production is the establishment of the balance of nature by using natural methods of fertilization and pest control. In general, you can say that in Brazil, in the 1980s, started the great interest of the public for environmental issues and the accession of some researchers to the alternative movement, especially in light of the adverse effects of conventional methods, which had some important developments within the science and technology that, given the maturity and significance of the organic sector, with the main focus to environmental preservation and bring health to humanity, was regulated the law of organic agriculture in the country. In this context, a study of the growth of organic production in Brazil, beyond their limitations, are the objectives of this work. In the specific plan, aims to (a) identify the regions and states that most stood out in the production of organic, in the period 2001-2006, (b) to verify the technical and economic constraints that prevent the expansion of organic production; (c) identify the profile of consumers for organic products. The conceptual framework of the proposition brings organic agriculture as a management system's total agricultural production, to promote a healthy environment, preserve biodiversity, biological cycles and soil. In this sense, organic farming emphasizes the use of management practices in opposition to the use of elements foreign to the rural areas. The methodology for the analysis staff in a row investigative documentary while analytical, to establish a comparative analysis of organic and conventional farming as a sustainable way of occupation of soil, setting the man on the field and preserve the environment. The certification process for organic products is the guarantee of quality organic product. In Brazil, on 17 May 1999 accustom the Normative Instruction 07/99 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Supply, with the objective of establishing standards of production, characterization, processing, packaging, distribution, identification and certification of quality for organic products of animal and plant, whose standards were regulated in 2007, coming strengthen this sector. To this end, the data were obtained by bibliographic searches, documents, studies resulting from meetings, conferences and testimony of people who engage in organic agriculture and people that live in traditional agriculture. The results show that the organic segment is growing worldwide. In Brazil, the evolution of this type of agriculture has been developing slowly, but promising, given the awareness of global environmental preservation, despite the economic and technical limitations, because production costs are expensive. It concludes that despite difficulties in the production of organic, this activity tends to develop, overcoming all obstacles, making it increasingly strengthened this segment, which will provide a healthy food to humanity, will bring environmental benefits to the whole universe.