Caracterização do óleo de buriti (mauritia flexuosa) como material dielétrico em transformadores para energia elétrica

Abstract

In this work, a native vegetable oil was characterized in the Amazon region, buruti oil, in order to verify its application as a dielectric fluid. Insulating oils already marketed, mostly in the production of transformers, are derived from oil, a non-renewable source and pollutant. In this context, the use of vegetable oil as a dielectric fluid is advantageous due to being biodegradable and sustainable. For this application, the oil should be responsible for avoiding short between primary/secondary coils and cooling (heat dissipation to the medium). Currently, there are standards established to evaluate the parameters for analysis of insulating oils both mineral and vegetable-based. Buriti fruit oil was submitted to physical-chemical and electrical tests to verify its possibilities in the application as electrical insulator of energy distribution transformers. Physical-chemical treatments were performed in crude oil to improve their properties. based on the minimum and maximum values required by the NBR15422 standard, buriti oil demonstrated in the flash point tests equivalent to a temperature of 325 ° C, for the water content was read 83.3 ppm after treatment in the rigidity. dielectric the oil withstands a voltage of 52.5 Kv and the buriti oil density is 0.911 g.cm-3 with these values obtained the buriti oil is fit to be placed inside a transformer for field analysis. With these tests, it was possible to observe that the buriti oil behaves better than vegetable insulating oils sold to the transformer industries. However, in the color and acidity analyzes, the oil presented non-standard characteristics, but in the parameters that Buriti did not show good characteristics, it is possible to perform treatments for better parameterization and reach the value recommended in the norm.