Rotavírus em crianças de 0 a 12 meses vacinadas e não vacinadas atendidas nos prontos socorros infantis de Manaus, Amazonas

Abstract

Human rotavirus constitutes one of the most important causes of diarrheic disease in children less than five years in the whole world. In 2006, the National Program of Immunization of Health Minister introduced a monovalent vaccine against rotavirus objecting the reduction of prevalence of rotaviruses. With the object of verifying the occurrence of genotypes of human rotavirus in children of 0 the 12 months vaccinated and non vaccinated residents in the city of Manaus in Amazon, had been analyzed during a year (may/2007 may/2008), a total of 294 feces diarrheic samples that had been colleted of children attended hospital of children in the city of Manaus. This analyzes was carried through by the detention of the viral genome through the techniques of PAGE (Polyacrilamide Gel Eletrophoresis) and RT-PCR (Reverse transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction). Through the PAGE method can be observed a positivity of 9.5% of the human rotavirus samples, and of these samples 36% were of vaccinated children against rotavirus. All of the positive samples of human rotavirus had been typed by the method of RT-PCR with use of specific primers for genotypes G (G1, G2, G3, G4 and G9) and genotypes P (P[8], P[4], P[6], P[9] e P[10]). By the typing, it was detected genotype G in 42.9% of the positive samples for rotavirus with detection only of genotype G2 and genotype P was detected in 94% of positive samples with detection only of P[4]. The combinations of genotypes G and P appeared in 50% of the positive samples for G and P, and all of these combinations were G2P[4]. It was observed that 17% of the positive samples for genotype G and 0,6% of the positive sample for genotype P had not presented characteristics for none of searched genotypes G and P. The number of positive samples for human rotavirus had been similar in such a way in children of the masculine sex how much in children of the feminine sex, being that these samples had predominated in children with age between 7 and 12 months. The positive samples of human rotavirus had been found in every months of had lasted the study with exception of august of 2007 and march of 2008. The vaccination reduce the human rotavirus incidence in children that had been take the two doses of vaccine, perhaps the emergency of the genotype G2P[4] observed in this study could not be associated to the vaccine.