Fertilidade do solo e estado nutricional do guaranazeiro (Paullinia cupana var. sobilis (Mart.) Ducke) cultivado em sistema orgânico.

Abstract

The guarana is one of the most important agricultural products in the Amazonas State. However, in the last 20 years, the state's participation fell from 80% to 20% of national yield. This was due to the management of guarana, although admittedly, guarana produced in the region to provide quality and no market for their marketing in the form of powder, especially for the yield of syrup. This loss of market has occurred due to low crop productivity in the state. Caused by inadequate management and use of plants from seed with high genetic variability. Because the cost of fertilizers, it is essential to deploy a yield system with low environmental impact and economic development, mainly targeting the smallholders. For this to become reality, it is necessary to determine sources and rates of fertilizers and pesticides alternatives within the concept of organic produce. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Field of Embrapa Western Amazon in Manaus county, Amazonas State, Brazil, in a dystrophic Yellow Latosol (Oxisol), with the use of trees clones (BRS – Maués; BRS – Amazonas e BRS CG 612), recently released by Embrapa, which have high productivity and tolerance to anthracnose in an area of five hectares, in order to determine the effect of organic manure (charcoal, chicken manure and bone meal) on fertility and nutritional status of these clones of guarana. The results showed that the clone BRS maués was the most efficient in organic system; The application of eight liter per year of chicken manure is sufficient for the soil has adequate levels of base saturation and pH, and the edaphoclimatic conditions the charcoal and bone meal do not increase of soil fertility.