Prospecção de plantas fitorremediadoras em solos contaminados por metais pesados

Abstract

Phytoremediation uses plants for remediating soils and aquatic system contaminated by inorganic and organic substances. Their results are satisfactory and demonstrate that certain plant species having high genetic potential for removing, degrading, metabolizing or immobilizing a lot of contaminants, such as heavy metal, petroleum, domestic and industrial sewage, etc. Despite promising the phytoremediation has been find problems in discover new plants with the ability for remediating contaminated environments. This study purpose a survey prospective for identifying plants into Manaus Industrial Pole (MIP) region that can accumulate high contents of heavy metals. The following species: Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choise, Diplasia karataefolia, Vismia japurensis Annona, Alibertia edulis A. Rich, Poaceae (Capim colonião), Lantana camara L., Araceae and Diffenbachia picta Schott were collected in three forest patches near streams of the MIP. The choiced plants were supported on the remarkable contamination that the streams have been submitted. Soil samples of forest patch were also collected and their physical and chemical proprieties determined by EMBRAPA methodologies. The Plants leaves were separated, digested by concentrated HNO3 at 60 oC, and the contents of Cu, Fe, Zn, Cd, Mn, Pb, Co and Ni determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Findings show that all studied plants are capables of uptake high contents of heavy metals. As a result we can affirm that Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choise, Diplasia karataefolia, Vismia japurensis Annona, Alibertia edulis A. Rich, Poaceae (Capim colonião), Lantana camara L., Araceae and Diffenbachia picta Schott are potentially phytoremediators.