Política pública de saúde na alta complexidade : Um estudo da política de transplante no Estado do Amazonas

Abstract

The study presented here aimed to analyze the implementation of Transplant Policy in the State of Amazonas, their strengths, challenges and contradictions, as well as its effects on the living conditions of people transplanted, considering this process, the reality of the state of Amazonas in their singularities compared to other regions of the country. The changes in the pattern of disease in Brazilian population, perceived by the growing trend of chronic diseases in recent decades, involve different aspects of living conditions of social groups, demanding in turn, health services at all levels of complexity. As for the state of Amazonas, chronic renal failure is among the leading causes of morbidity, whose treatment involves highly complex procedures, namely kidney replacement therapy through dialysis (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) and transplantation. Such research was conducted in a critical approach through an exploratory research, a qualitative and quantitative data reading, trying to understand the effectiveness of state policy of transplants in the reality of people transplanted kidney, from the perspective of a public policy health in high complexity. The results showed that although the state is still far from the estimate needed to meet the population's demand for a kidney transplant, for those who were able to perform the transplant, life has a new meaning. The fact that they do not need to leave their homes and their families to perform the treatment, represented a considerable social and economic gain. The main challenge for policy transplants in the state of Amazonas is to overcome the dependency relationship maintained with private institutions in the realization of transplants, making it necessary to expand and publicness of the policy to be realized, the social rights won by society and established the principles of the Unified Health System - SUS.