Programa Luz para Todos e modo de vida ribeirinho na Amazônia

Abstract

Access to electric energy service is fundamental for access to other Public Policies, fundamental for the constitution of citizenship of riverside peoples in the Amazon. The Light for All Program is the result of the struggles and demands of organized social movements, these peoples had to organize and mobilize themselves to access this basic right. The study analyzes the Luz Para Todos Program, in municipalities in the state of Amazonas, in relation to improving the living and working conditions of rural families in the communities of Ebenézer, Vila Nova, Acaoera, Vila Darcy and Menino Deus (municipality of Maués) , Terra Nova (Barcelos), Maranhão (Parintins), São Benedito (Boa Vista do Ramos), Terra Preta do Limão (Barreirinha) and São Tomé (Iranduba). The specific objectives of the study are: to unveil the social and cultural particularities of the way of life and work in Amazonian communities; to analyze the political nature and scope of the Luz para Todos Program with the Amazon riverside peoples; identify the compatibility between the riverside way of life and the service provided by the Luz para Todos Program. In view of the limitations caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic and the impediments to conducting field research, the analysis of data was based on experiences from other studies. From the methodological theoretical approach, based on historical and dialectical materialism, an explanatory analytical interpretation of the phenomena was carried out in a critical perspective of totality. The methodological procedures included: bibliographic and documental research. The results of the study allowed us to infer that the Program not only guaranteed access to electricity for riverside dwellers in the communities studied, but also articulated with other policies, it guaranteed these basic rights, such as water supply; night shift classes; increase in family income, by encouraging the execution of activities through available resources; increased income of small traders, through access to household appliances, which enabled them to supply their businesses and conserve their products; Ribeirinhos had access to digital inclusion and the means of communication, among other economic, social and cultural factors. However, the study allowed the identification of a set of limitations to be overcome in the implementation of the Program with riverine peoples in the Amazon, considering that access to energy service is not universalized and does not have the same quality as the supply in urban centers, it keeps unchanged the degree of inequality, poverty and other expressions of the social issue, thus meeting the interests of capital to generate profit for the market and stimulate consumption. It is considered that it is necessary to adopt a model of generation and supply of electricity that respects the choices of riverside communities, with more appropriate technological alternatives in social, cultural, political and environmental terms. The goal of this work was to produce subsidies and contributions to the academic community, within the scope of the theme addressed, as well as to implement the reorientation of public policies aimed at serving riverine peoples in the Amazon.